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Flow Elements

Flow elements are devices used to measure the flow rate of fluids in a pipeline. Different types of flow elements utilize various technologies to achieve accurate measurements. 
 
Flow Nozzle Type:
A flow nozzle is a differential pressure flow measurement device. It consists of a converging nozzle that accelerates the fluid, creating a pressure drop. The pressure difference between the upstream and downstream sides of the nozzle is measured and used to calculate the flow rate. Flow nozzles are often used in high-velocity applications and are known for their durability and low-pressure loss.
 
Orifice Type:
An orifice plate is another differential pressure device that consists of a flat plate with a hole (orifice) in the center. As fluid flows through the orifice, it experiences a drop in pressure. The flow rate is determined by measuring the pressure difference across the plate. Orifice plates are widely used due to their simplicity and cost-effectiveness, though they may have higher pressure losses compared to other types.
 
Sight Glass Type:
A sight glass is a transparent tube or window installed in a pipeline that allows operators to visually inspect the flow of fluid. While it does not measure flow rate quantitatively, it provides a qualitative assessment of flow conditions, such as clarity, color, or presence of bubbles. Sight glasses are often used in applications where visual monitoring is important, but they typically do not replace quantitative flow measurement devices.
 
Restriction Orifice Type:
A restriction orifice is similar to an orifice plate but is specifically designed to create a pressure drop to regulate flow. It is used to control flow rates in systems where maintaining a specific flow is crucial. The pressure drop across the restriction orifice is measured to calculate flow rate, making it useful in various industrial applications. Each of these flow elements has its advantages and is suitable for different applications based on factors like accuracy, pressure drop, and ease of installation.


Flow Nozzle Type — HFN Series

HFN is processed with an elliptical or circular inlet and is generally used for measuring high-speed steam flow rates. HFN has good durability and can provide stable measurements at high temperatures and high speeds compared to orifices.
 
Operation Principle
When a tightening device is installed in the middle of a pipe through which fluid flows to narrow the area through which the fluid passes, a pressure difference occurs before and after the device due to the resistance generated by the tightening device.
Using Bernoulli's principle, a relationship between differential pressure and flow rate can be derived, and this can be used to measure the flow rate.
 

 

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Orifice Type — HOF Series

HOF-Series is an Orifice Flange assembly for flow measurement. Although the Orifice Plate itself is an important sensor that generates the desired differential pressure at a specific flow rate, several other parts are needed to assemble it into a complete flow meter that can be installed in service.
The Orifice Plate is usually fitted with a pair of Flanges, called Orifice Flange Union, together with a suitable gasket. This Flange Union is specially machined with the Orifice Plate and a suitable pressure tap.
 
Operation Principle
When the HOF-seris is installed in a pipeline through which fluid flows, the fluid passes through the orifice throat, increasing its velocity and decreasing its pressure, which creates a pressure difference between the front and back ends. By measuring the differential pressure generated at this time, the flow rate can be calculated using Bernoulli's law.
 

 

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Sight Glass Type — HHG & HSG-Series

The HHG and HSG-Series devices are indeed designed to provide visibility into fluid flow through a transparent medium, making it easier to monitor the status of the fluid. The use of double-sided glass allows for a clear view, which is beneficial for maintenance and operational checks, while also being cost-effective.
 
Operation Principle
HHG,HSG-Series is divided into three types: DRIP-LIP, FLAPPER, BALL, and each type can be selected and used according to the user's convenience. First, in the case of DRIP-LIP TYPE, the fluid flow can be checked directly through the GLASS on both sides without any obstacles inside. FLAPPER TYPE is the type above with FLAPPER added, so the flow rate can be estimated through the degree of opening and closing of FLAPPER due to fluid flow. In the case of BALL TYPE, there is a BALL inside, so the fluid situation can be checked through the movement of BALL due to fluid flow.
 

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Restriction Orifice Type — HMO Series

The HMO device sounds like a versatile pressure reducing valve. It effectively manages fluid pressure in pipelines, making it suitable for various applications involving liquids, gases, and vapors. Its design allows it to handle pressure reduction tasks that may not be feasible with flat or conical types.
The capability to implement single-stage or multi-stage designs based on specific process conditions is a great feature, as it ensures optimal performance tailored to different operational needs. Plus, the focus on quality control during manufacturing is crucial for reliability and safety.
 
Operation Principle
The restriction orifice is a crucial component used to control fluid flow within a pipeline. Its primary function is to generate a significant pressure drop by reducing the size of the orifice throat, which effectively restricts the flow rate.
Cavitation can indeed be a concern when the orifice throat is reduced, as it occurs when local pressure drops below the vapor pressure of the fluid, leading to the formation of vapor bubbles. Selecting the appropriate type of orifice based on potential cavitation is essential to ensure stable operation and prevent damage to the system.

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Orifice Type — HOP Series

HOP-Series is an Orifice Plate for flow measurement. Orifice Plate has a disadvantage of greater pressure loss than other differential pressure flow sensors such as Flow Nozzle and Venturi Tube, but it has many advantages such as simple shape, easy manufacturing, low price, and high reliability, so it is the most widely used.
Orifice Plate has concentric, eccentric, quarter circle, half moon, and square orifices depending on the shape and appearance of the hole, and the size of the bore is calculated by applying standards such as ISO-5167, ASME MFC-3M, etc., and the tolerance follows the ISO and ASME standards.
 
Operation Principle
When the HOP-Series is installed in a pipeline through which fluid flows, the fluid passes through the orifice throat, increasing its velocity and decreasing its pressure, which creates a pressure difference between the front and back ends. The differential pressure generated at this time can be measured to obtain the flow rate using Bernoulli's law.
 

 

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Orifice Type — HRO Series

HRO is a device that acts as a pressure reducing valve to reduce the pressure of the fluid flowing in the pipeline, and is used for all fluids including liquids, gases, and vapors.
There are two types of HRO: flat type and conical type, and they can be used for all fluids including liquids, gases, and vapors. Depending on the process conditions, the flat type is designed as a single-stage or multi-stage type using a dedicated program developed by our company and manufactured through strict quality control.
 
Operation Principle
The shape of the restriction orifice is similar to that of the orifice for measuring flow, but its purpose is to restrict the flow by generating a large pressure drop in the pipeline and reducing the size of the orifice throat. As the size of the orifice throat is reduced, cavitation inevitably occurs, and the type of orifice can be selected according to the occurrence of cavitation to achieve a stable pressure drop.
 

 

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